The deeper one explores the world of inter-computer communications, the more you will come across types of communications (i.e. radio waves, Ethernet, Bluetooth, etc.), their interfaces and network protocols. Understanding common network protocols is intended to be a basic, easy to understand guideline for the most used network protocols and mainly covers networked computers linked on local area connection (LAN). Last updated: December 4, 2016 at 13:43 pm
From Techopedia we see that network protocols are defined as “formal standards and policies comprised of rules, procedures and formats that define communication between two or more devices over a network. Network protocols govern the end-to-end processes of timely, secure and managed data or network communication.”
When starting to communicate between computers using different operating systems, such as for example Microsoft Windows and Linux based systems in my case, one start to come across terms (network protocols) such as SSH, SCP and (S)FTP.
Before we look at these network protocols just keep in mind the principle of user access, which is basically an unique way of identifying someone on a computer and its data.
Common LAN Network Protocols
SSH (Secure Socket Shell)
- SSH is a network protocol that provides administrators with a secure way to access a remote computer.
- I.e. PuTTY & sshpass command
- SSH also refers to the suite of utilities that implement the protocol.
SCP (Secure Copy)
- Network protocol supporting file transfers (only) between hosts on a network.
- Part of SSH suite.
- Port 22
- I.e. WinSCP
- Can copy file(s) anywhere you have privilege to.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
- Netowrk protocol supporting file transfers between clients and servers on a network (internet or LAN).
- Ports 21 (usually) & 20.
- Restricted to FTP directory on server.
- All FTP clients (i.e. Eclipse IDE)
SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol)
- Protocol supporting file transfers and manipulation capabilities.
- Part of SSH suite – uses FTP with an SSH tunnel between client and server.
- I.e. most FTP clients.
Notes on Raspbian (Linux)
- On Raspbian SSH is automatically activated – so SSH protocol can be used.
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